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This article presents the ranks of the entire Polish Armed Forces as well as the rank insignia used today. The system of rank insignia is a direct descendant of various systems used throughout history by the Polish Army. Some of the grades trace their name back to the Middle Ages, for instance the rank of ''chorąży'' literally means a ''flag bearer'' or an Ensign. Names of Polish ranks are often of foreign origin, like the ones introduced by the 17th-century mercenaries serving for the Polish Crown. These include the rank of ''kapral'', which is a derivative of the Italian ''caporale'' - much like the English equivalent of corporal. As the structure of Polish rank names substantially differs from the English one, it seems more appropriate to give the U.S. or U.K. equivalent ranks, based on the common NATO codes, rather than to provide a literal translation which can lead to numerous misinterpretations. == Origins == Most rank titles are cognates to the ones in English, with some exceptions. Notably ''colonel's'' literal meaning is ''regimental-leader'', likewise ''plutonowy'' means ''platoon-leader''. Also, the title equivalent to petty officer is identical to the word for boatswain, so a ''Bosman'' may or may not be a ''bosman''. Until World War II, each of the branches of the Land Forces used a set of different names for the same grades. For instance a sergeant was called ''sierżant'' in the infantry, ''ogniomistrz'' (literally ''master of fire'') in the artillery and ''wachmistrz'' (from German ''Wachtmeister'', or ''Master of the Guards'') in the cavalry. This is similar to the German army calling a cavalry officer which is equivalent to Hauptmann a Rittmeister Modern polish military practices were heavily influenced by Prussian/German and Russian traditions, as most founding officers after 1918 independence were veterans of those respective armies. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Polish Armed Forces rank insignia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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